Rent or Buy? How Cultures and Policies Shape Housing Decisions Globally

29 September 2025

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Do you really need to own a home?

The answer depends on where you live.

Around the world, cultures and policies shape whether people buy or rent:

Nations of Owners

Romania, Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, Kazakhstan → ownership dominates, driven by socialist-era housing privatized and sold cheaply.

Singapore → despite sky-high prices, public housing plus pension financing ensures almost everyone owns.

India → culturally, “a home = security.” But there’s a big split → rural India sees near-universal ownership, while in cities affordability gaps push many into rentals.

China & Vietnam → ownership is deeply cultural, tied to land access and social status.

In-Between (Owners & Renters)

UK, US, France, Japan → owning is common, but renting is equally accepted. Families spread wealth between homes, pensions, and financial markets.

Renting Strongholds

Germany, Austria, Switzerland → renting isn’t a stigma. Leases are secure, tenant rights strong, and people build wealth via pensions and markets instead of only property.

Where Ownership Stays Low

Nigeria → rapid urbanisation but little mortgage access.

UAE → an expat-driven population where renting is the default.

Hong Kong → the world’s priciest housing market, with luxury towers standing empty while ordinary residents struggle for affordable homes.

So what can India learn?

Blend models → Affordable first homes (like Singapore) + secure rentals (like Germany).

Curb speculation → Vacancy taxes to stop hoarding.

Build what’s needed → Avoid Hong Kong’s luxury trap.

Boost financial literacy → So wealth isn’t locked only in property.


"The lesson is clear: homeownership isn’t the goal — security is, whether through owning or strong rental protections along with wealth-creation policies."